Category Archives: Uncategorized
Intangiriro yabo, yabaye iherezo ryabo.
Nkuko bisanzwe repubulika ya lll y’Urwanda iyobowe nishyaka lilikubutegetsi FPR,iri mu myiteguro yo kwizihiza umunsi wo kwibohora,ubwo agatsiko kagizwe n’Abatutsi bo muri FPR,biganjemo abavukiye mu gihugu cy’Ubugande bafata imiheto bavuga ko baharanira ubwoko bw’Abatutsi bari baraheze ishyanga,bahahejejwe nabanyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’Abahutu “Kiga”bavugaga ko ngo iyo ikirahure cyuzuye amazi arameka.
Aka gatsiko mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko,ndetse bitananyuze muri demokarasi bahisemo gutaha mu gihugu cyabo,ntawe babanje gusaba uruhushya yaba mubihugu bikomeye cyangwa byoroheje,mu minsi ibiri (2);gusa nibwo Col.DODO Twahirwa yahise yivugana umugaba w’ingabo warubarangaje imbere maze ibintu bisubira irudubi.
Iyo ntambara yamaze imyaka (4);barwana nabavandimwe babo bo mu bwoko bw’Abahutu babasaba yuko bakumvikana bagaturana kuko na nyina wundi abyara umuhungu,perezida Habyarimana na MRND bavugaga ko inkotanyi ar’udukoko dufite imirizo tumeze nk’inzige twateye igihugu cy’Urwanda tuvuye mu gihugu cyabaturanyi cya Uganda.
Igihe cyaje kugera uwabitaga udukoko”Inyenzi”maze yemera ko,utwo dukoko nabo arabantu,akimara kwemera imishyikirano twadukoko twahise tumwivugana afata iyihuse dore yari mu ndege yihuta cyane yisangira mu genzi we,Gen.Fred GISA Rwigema,utu dukoko twinyenzi twaje guhindukamo abantu bamanuye iyo ndege bitemewe n’amategeko,bafata igihugu hakoreshejwe imbaraga hitwajwe ko baje gukiza abantu barimo bica nababantu barwanyaga utwo dusimba.
Aba bantu bose maze kwica nzabakizwa niki?
Ishyaka FPF,na kagame bahise bashyiraho leta cyangwa ubutegetsi ubwo bafata umurwa mukuru wa Kigali kuwa 04 Nyakanga 1994,kuwa 19th Nyakanga 1994 bahise bashyiraho leta yari iyobowe na Bizimungu Pasteur waje gukurwa kuri uwo mwanya nyuma y’imyaka (6);gusa agahita ashyirwa mu nzu y’imbohe ahoy amaze imyaka (5);bamaze kubona ko amaze kwiga kubana n’Abatutsi bo muri FPR,baramurekura.
Iyi repubulika kugez’ubu ihakana ubwigenge bw’Abanyarwanda kandi yarangiza ikabwemera murwego rwokujijisha,bivugwa yuko Independence ivugwa ko yasabwe n’Umwami w’Urwanda Kigeli wa V Ndahindurwa ,nubwo Kayibanda yiyitirira ko ariwe wasabye independence ntibibuza umuryango FPR inkotanyi kwita uwo munsi ko,arumunsi wabahutu kuburyo bawurutisha umunsi wokwibohora .
Mu gihe FPR ishishikajwe no gutegura uwo munsi, kuwa 30 Kamena ntabwo wizihizwa bitewe niyongenga bitekerezo ko,arumunsi wabahutu!Ese koko abanyarwanda babonye ubwigenge?bwashatswe nande?turasaba abanyarwanda bazi amateka,kudufasha bakatubwira ukuri kubyabaye uwashatse ubwigenge hagati y’Umwami na repubulika (l);ninde?mushobora kutwandikira kuri iyi e-mail inyangenewseditor@gmail.com ibitekerezo byanyu tuzabishyira ahagaragara maze abanyarwanda barusheho kumenya ukuri kubyabaye ku gihugu cyabo.
Ntabwo ari repubulika ya (lll);yonyine yaranzwe n’uburiganya,na repubulika ya (ll);yajyaga yizihiza umunsi yakoreyeho kudeta ubwo KIga yakuraga uwahoze ayobora icyo gihugu nyakwigendera Kayibanda nawe wagiye kubutegetsi muburyo bw’uburiganya!kuwa 05th Nyakanga 1973 nibwo nyakwigendera Habyarimana yakuye Kayibanda kubutegetsi muburyo bunyuranije n’amategeko.
Amakuru avuga ko,yahise amufunga kugeza ubwo Kayibanda yaguye muri Gereza yishwe n’urushwima, maze aba abonye ingororano yoguhemukira ubwami bw’Urwanda.Habyarimana nawe nkabandi bose,Father like a son,yizihizaga umunsi wogukora amarorerwa kurusha umunsi wa independence,gusa aho bitandukaniye na FPR,yanyuzagamo akizihiza uwo munsi bemera ko uRwanda rwabonye ubwigenge.
Kayibanda nawe abifashijwemo nabazungu yahengereye Umwami w’Urwanda agiye Congo –Kinshasa gusaba ubwigenge maze bahita bamwoherereza telegram ko atagomba kugaruka mu gihugu cye,ngo kuko abaturage bahisemo gukora amatora bagatora repubulika mucyimbo cyo gutora ubwami.
Aha urebye neza urasanga ar’ikinyoma gisa gisa!Ninde wagombaga guhagararira amatora ya kamarampaka Atari Umwami,ese ayo matora yahagarariwe nande Umwami adahari,ubundi se yateguwe nande,ngayo ng’uko repubulika z’uRwanda zagiye zirangwa n’uburiganya,none zigezeho zihakana ibyo zivuga ko zemera.
Ngirango mu minsi yashize niho repubulika ya (lll);yizihije imyaka (50);uRwanda rubonye ubwigenge,nyamara umunsi uRwanda rwaboneyeho ubwigenge ntabwo ujya wizihizwa,none se bishoboka bite ko,bwitwa ubwigenge bw’abanyarwanda kandi badashobora ndetse nabo bahutu bemera ubwo bwigenge badashobora kwemererwa kwizihiza ubwo bwigenge?
Turasaba abanyarwanda ko badusobanurira bakoresheje iyo e-mail twatanze hejuru,batrubwire niba umunsi wo kwibohora nyawe ari kudeta cyangwa ar’ubwigenge,ikinyoma burya ntikiramba ku ngoma igihe kiragera kikajya ahagaragara kandi iyo kigaragaye burya cyiba cyavuye ku ngoma.
Inshuti ya perezida w’Urwanda,agiye gushyira mubikorwa iby’Uwiteka yavugiye mu kanwa k’Abahanuzi.
Kuwa 03rd Kanama 14,narimvuye kumulimo w’Uwiteka,mu murwa mukuru w’Ishushani mu gihugu cy’Ibabuloni,ubwo nail nirambitse kugisasiro,ahagana mu masaha ya saa 11na 12 ooh,njyanwa mu mwuka,maze nerekwa uburyo umwe mu nshuti zikomeye cyane mu nshuti umukuru w’igihugu cy’Urwanda perezida Paul Kagame,uzwi ku izina rya Gen.James Kabarebe arimo gutegura gushyira mubikorwa ibyo Uwiteka Imana yavuze.
Ni uko mbona amayira yose, n’uduhanda twose,uwo ministiri w’ingabo aradufunze kugirango ashyire mubikorwa umugambi w’Uwiteka woguhitana inshuti umwakagara Paul Kagame,n’uko mbona abantu benshi barimo abazungu,abahinde,bahugiye mu ikorana buhanga,ariko ntibamenya ibigiye kubaho mu rwagasabo.
N’uko nerekwa umuhanuzi mukuru,yinjira muri iyo nzu yategurirwagamo iyo migambi yose,mbona ahuye na Gen.Ugiye gushyira mubikorwa ibyo Uwiteka Imana yavugiye mukanwa k’Abahanuzi,ariko kugera aho uwo mu Gen.Yarigutegurira iyo Migambi kwar’ukugenda ukuruza inda.
N’uko mbona umuhanuzi mukuru ararungurutse,aritegereza uburyo umukuru w’igihugu imyiteguro yo kumuca igihanga irimbanije,maze ntaganzwa n’uburyo yagize ubwenge bwo kugenda akuruza inda kugeza ageze aho bategurira izo nama zose.
Maze abarikumwe n’uwo mu Gen.Numva bnaravuze ngo,”Tugomba gufunga amayira yose kuburyo umuryango wabibumbye udashobora kubona inzira wanyuramo baza kudukoma mu nkokora!
Yewe byari bikomeye,mbona abwiye ingabo ze,nabambari be,bandi bafatanije uwo mugambi,batangatanze imiharuro yose,uduhanda twose,n’utuyira twose,utwamaguru,yewe n’utwinyamaswa zinyuramo cyangwa ibiguruka mu kirere utwo tuyira twose twahise dufungwakugirango ibyo Uwiteka yavugiye mu muhanuzi n’umuhanuzi mukuru bisohore.
Mbona ijuru lilijimye,ibicu birahindurije,ibyar’umucyo bihindika umwijima,maze abantu nabonaga basa nabari mu birori,mbona ibitwenge bihindumo agahinda namarira.
Yewe n’Uwiteka n’umuhungu we,Yesu kristo,kuko ibyo mbonye biteye umubiri wanjye gusesa urumeza.
Inkongi y’umuriro mu buhanuzi.
Nk’uko ubuhanuzi bwo mu gice cya 1-3,cy’ubuhanuzi bw’uRwanda,buvuga yuko umuhanuzi yabonye uRwanda rushya vuba vuba,ubu buhanuzi ntabwo twabashije kubushaka kuko tuzi neza ko mwabusomye kwari ukubibutsa ibyahanuwe mu nkongi y’umuriro mubuhanuzi aho bufatwa nka kimwe mubimenyetso byamarembera y’ingoma ya FPR.
Umuhanuzi ahanura ubu buhanuzi yarebega ibintu bikomeye biri uko biri uyu munsi wa none,aho uRwanda ruhiye amayoberane adasobanutse icyo kikaba ikimenyetso cyo kurimbuka kw’ingoma.
Inkongi y’umuriro munganda z’uRwanda.
Uhereye kuwa 04 Nyakanga 14,mu Rwanda hamaze gushya inganda esheshatu utabariyemo amagereza n’amazu yabantu ku giti cyabo,abenshi barimo kuvugishwa ko ngo yaba ari rucunshu yaba igiye kugaruka aho abega barwaniye ingoma n’abanyiginya aribo bari basanzwe bategeka.
Icyo abanyarwanda bakwiye kwitondera duhora tubasaba, ni uko bakwiye kwemera ubuhanuzi ibyo Imana yavuze kuko kugez’ubu nta muntu n’umwe watinyuka gushinga urutoki ubuhanuzi.
Nta cyumweru gishize tubagejejeho ubuhanuzi bw’Intumwa rene Masasu aho Imana yamukuyeho ubutware bw’Umurimo wayo,kuwa 12 Nyakanga kuwagatandatu ushize Bishop Davide Mutabazi waguye mu masengesho y’iminsi (40);ese koko bibaho ko,umuntu ajya imbere y’Imana aho kugirango ahakirire ahubwo akagwa mu masengesho?.
Ubwo se koko murumva ibyo bintu bisobanutse!cyangwa bamutanzeho igitambo akawamugani?gusa ibyo Imana ivuga ntabwo bishobora guhera,kandi ubuhanuzi buri kwihuta cyane kuburyo witegereje neza wasanga n’Intumwa gitwaza nawe bwaramaze kumugeraho kuko Uwiteka Imana ayavuze yuko itorero rye ko,rizashiraho none ubu yahungiye mu gihugu cy’Uburundi aho agiye kubeshya Abarundi yibwira ko Imana ho itaamusangayo?.
Itorero ryo mu Rwanda araritaye kubera imbaraga z’umwijima yakoreshaga zose zimaze kurangira kuko kuwa 01.01.2013,Uwiteka yavuze yuko imbaraga z’abarozi zose azishyizeho iherezo,nimuri urwo rwego abarozi bose ubu naho bakomeje umwuga wabo,imbaraga zabo ntacyo zishobora gutwara abo zohererjwe.
Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko mudakwiye gusenga ngo mwidamarire ngo ni uko Uwiteka yamaze gusenya cyangwa yahagurukiye kurwanya imbaraga z’umwijima,kuko abakndwa n’Imana nibo bana b’Imana.ikinyoma kigeze kumusozo nk’uko ubuhanuzi bwagiye bubigaragaza.
Abakiristu ba Gitwaza bagiye baduka cyane batwohererza e-mail z’iterabwoba,ariko cyane cyane umuhanuzi Majeshi Leon niwe bibasiye cyane ariko urusaku rwabo rwabaye nk’urwibicyeri rutabua inka kunywa amazi.
Bene data bakundwa mwemere ibyo Imana ivuga kuko ibafitiye imigambi myiza kandi erega ibyo yibwira kutugirira n’ibyiza ntabwo ar’ibibi,kuko niyokwiringirwa kandi ntawayiringiye wigeze akorwa n’isoni.
INGOMA NKORAMARASO YA FPR,MU MUGAMBI WO KUMARA ABATUTSI.
Amakuru aturuka mubiro bikuru bya FPR,agera ku kinyamakuru inyangeNewss.com,aravuga yuko haba hari gahunda yo kwica abanyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi bari mu gihugu baba bakekwaho kuba bemera cyangwa kuba bashyigikiye ishyaka rikorera mubuhungiro ritavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Kigali ariryo RNC.
Bamwe mubatanga ayamakuru bakorera mucyitwa National Executive Committe (NEC) basabye ko amazina yabo atashyirwa ahagaragara kubera impamvu z’umutekano wabo,baragira bati,mur’ikigihe ibintu bikomeje kuba amayobera,har’ingeso yadutse mubacuruzi aho umuntu aba agufitiye umwenda wamafaranga wamwishyuza aho kugirango akwishyure ahubwo ahita akurega muri FPR ko ngo ushyigikiye umuryango wa politiki ukorera hanze y’Urwanda RNC,iyo urumuhutu birumvikana uhuzwa na FDLR.
Izi mfura zivuga ko,ibi birego muri iki gihe ar’ibirego bikomeye cyane,ngo kuko NEC yafashe ibyemezo ko umucuruzi wese uzavugwaho gushyigikira RNC agomba guhita akeneshwa ako kanya ndetse n’imitungo agahita ayamburwa hakoreshejwe RRA,bakamushyiraho imyenda y’imisoro yabaringa kugirango haboneka imwe mu mpamvu yo kumucenesha kugirango adahunga akajya kubarwaniriza hanze y’igihugu.
Bakomeza bavuga ko,ngo ibi biri muri bimwe bimaze gukenesha igihugu kuburyo budasanzwe nubwo Urwanda rwihagararaho,ariko ngo ibintu byaracitse,ngo bigeze aho noneho batangira gufata kumutungo w’igihugu uba warategenijwe kuzagoboka igihugu igihe cya kaga gatunguranye ngo kuba leta yarageze aho itangira kugurisha imwe mu migabane yayo binyujijwe mu mpapuro z’indanga migabane ngo nikimwe mubimenyetso bigaragaza ko igihugu kigeze mu marembera.
Umuhanzi KIZITO MIHIGO akaba arumwe mubasore ba batutsi babimburiye abandi kurira imisozi imaze kumera mu murwa mukuru wa Kigali hakurya y’imisozi y’igikundiro kandi uwo musozi akaba atabasha kuwurira nk’uko ubuhanuzi bubivuga,nyamara buriya birenge niwowe ubwirwa!
Uwo mugani waturutse kumugabo wagiye gusambanya umugore wamugenziwe,maze nyirirugo arataha,wamugabo yihisha murugi undi amaze kwinjira mu nzu umugore ati ariko ibirenge byawe biranuka icyuya undi ati ese urinda winuba wampaye amazi nkakaraba,ubwo yayasutse mu ikarayi ayajyana inyuma y’inzu agarutse ati nayagejejeyo arongera ati urabe wumve birenge niwowe ubwirwa,nyirirugo asohotse undi nawe aba abonye akanya ko gusohoka.
Kubacira uwo mugani ntayindi mpamvu ibinteye,ahubwo ni uko urupfu rwamaze guhumurira gakondo,abarokore nibo bajya baririmba ngo ijuru ryahumuye we!!Nanjye reka mvuge nti urupfu rwahumuye we!mbese niba gupfa ntawe byishe niki utinya? Buriya ndiwowe nafata urwo rutsyo rukuri kumugongo nkaruhirika hirya yawe,narangiza ngahambura amaguru nkazamuka mugisenge cy’inzu,narangiza ngasimbuka nkagwa hejuru yamacumu ngafata ibisogororo nkabihambira kubikomere ngatabara aho kugirango bazantege umushi nzabure icyo nzahiga ubwo imfura zizaba zateranye aho kugirango mpire mu nzu nk’umugome wese.
Ingaruka n’inkurikizi zabaye kubanyarwanda,kubera urugomo bagiriwe nabazungu Bababiligi bakoreye ubwami bw’Urwanda.
Ingaruka n’inkurikizi zabaye kubanyarwanda,kubera urugomo bagiriwe nabazungu Bababiligi bakoreye ubwami bw’Urwanda.
Nyuma yaho ubwami bw’uRwanda bugiriwe urugomo nabazungu Bababiligi bakoreye abanyarwanda bari bifitiye ubuyobozi bubabereye,hanyuma bakaza gukorerwa urugomo nabo banyamahanga,bitwaje imbaraga no kuba bari bafite ibikoresho by’ubugizi bwa nabi,ibyo bikaba byaraviriyemo abanyarwanda guhunga igihugu cyabo bagata imitungo yabo,ingo zabo,imiryango yabo yagiye itatana kuburyo bunyuranye.
Ababiligi bamaze kubona yuko abanyarwanda bakomeye kumuco wabo wamahoro,bahise bashaka bamwe muri abo banyarwanda nk’uko bizwi neza ko ibyara mweru na muhima,maze agace gato kabanyarwanda gahabwa ubutegetsi bwo gukandamiza abandi banyarwanda.
Abahutu bakomoka mum majyepfo bari bayobowe na Gerigoire Kayibanda bahabwa ubutegetsi bafashe ku ngufu za gisirikare cy’abazungu bababiligi,maze baheza abanyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi karahava,nyuma y’imyaka nk’icumi,umuvumo wo gukubaganira ubwami bw’Urwanda utangira kubagiraho ingaruka.
Nibwo Abahutu bo mu majyepfo Nduga bahuye n’ikibazo cya kudeta maze baricwa karahava,ibyo bakoreye Abatutsi bitangira kubagaruka kubera bananiwe kubahiriza umuco nyarwanda wa mahoro bishinga abazungu ariko mu byukuri nibo byagizihe ingaruka zikomeye kuko imiryango yabo ntiyashoboye no kubona nibura imibiri yabo.
Ubwo kuwa 05th Nyakanga 1973 Abakiga nabo bafata ubutegetsi ku ngufu za gisirikare kuburyo bunyuranije namategeko bagera ikirenge mu Kayibanda,nabo sinakubwira bimara agahinda bakora ibidakorwa binyuranije n’uburenganzira bwa muntu.Barica,bafata abagore babatutsi-kazi ku ngufu za leta,ndetse babihimbamo indirimbo ivuga ngo:Umugore mwiza n’umututsikazi,umuhanda nikaburimbo,inzoga nziza ni shapanye.Bari baradamaraye cyane kuburyo bumvaga ko zitahindura imirishyo!
Kuwa 06th mata 2014 babonye ko byose bishoboka nyuma yuko ingabo za fpr zahanuye iyo ndege ahagana mu masaha 8:30 z’ijoro maze abanyarwanda bahura n’icuraburindi,umuvumo wo guhemukira ubwami bw’uRwanda urongera wubura inzika.Abanyarwanda bagera kuri millioni imwe nigice 1.5 z’abanyarwanda zirahatikirira.Muri iyi mibare harimo abanyarwanda babahutu n’Abatutsi,ndetse n’imirambo yatawe mu mazi,inzuzi,inyanja nibindi nk’ibyo.
FPR ifata ubutegetsi ku ngufu igera ikirenge mu Habyarimana nk’uko yabigenje ninako nabo babigenje,bategekesha ingufu zose zishoboka,mu mwaka wa cumi 19 wubutegetsi bwa fpr nibwo ibintu byabaye bibi cyane,aho ndavuga mu mwaka wa 2010 ubwo Gen.Nyamwasa yahungaga,nibwo fpr yatangiye gushyira kumugaragaro ibyifuzo byayo byo guca ibihanga byabanyarwanda batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi.
Kugaza aho basanze abanyarwanda mu bihugu babahungiyemo,bagakomeza kubakorera ubugizi bwa nabi,Col.Patrick Karegeya wishwe kuwa 31st Ukuboza 2013,nyuma yuko bahusha Gen.Nyamwasa inshuro zigera kuri (4);ntabwo ubutegetsi bwa fpr bwashizwe gutangaho abanyarwanda ibitambo kubera igitutu cya fdlr bahise bafata abanyarwanda bose babakekwaho kuba ar’imiryango ya fpr hamwe n’inshuti zabo ibihumbi bigera kuri 46000 by’abanyarwanda byahise bibirirwa irengero.Ibyo byose byakozwe mu rwego rwogutera iterabwoba abanyarwanda kugirango babaceceke.
Amakuru agera kunyangenews aturuka mu nzego nkuru zigihugu zishinzwe iperereza NSS,ziravuga ko,ibihumbi 46000 byose uko byakabaye kuko bagiye batwara imiryanga cyangwa umuryango bishatse kuvuga ngo umugore ,umugabo,abana bose bashyizwe mum makamyo batwarwa ahitwa GABIRO-MISHENYI mu kigo cya gisirikare babatwikisha amavuta ya essance kugirango imibiri yabo itazagaragara bigateza ikibazo kumiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu igatangira gukurikira leta y’uRwanda.
Amakuru akomeza avuga ko,ngo,abagize uruhare muri iki gikorwa,ngo nabasirikare bakomoka mu miryango y’Abega bab’Akagara,cyane biganje mu mutwe wabajepe barinda umukuru w’igihugu Gen.Paul Kagame umwakagara mukuru ushaka kwimika ingoma y’Abega bab’Akagara ubwami bwabo bugasimbura repubulika itemewe namategeko.
Amakuru avuga iyindi mibiri yajugunywe muruzi rw’Akagera kegeranye hafi cyane n’ikigo cya gisirikare kibarizwa aho GABIRO bikaba bivugwa yuko ariyo mibiri yabonetse mu kiyaga cya rweru cyo mu gihugu cyo mu Burundi,uwo n’uwundi muvumo ugira (4) uterwa n’urugomo,ubuhemu byakorewe ubwami bw’uRwanda,nyamara abanyarwanda bagatabaye abanyarwanda bakomeje kugaragaraza inyota y’ubutegetsi kugirango bakomeze kuyobora abanyarwanda mu buryo butemewe namategeko.
Ubu leta ya fpr ikaba ikomeje gutegura jenocide igiye gukorerwa abanyarwanda,dore ko yatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa aho bica abanyarwanda gahoro gahoro byitwa barwanya umwanzi w’igihugu,mbese kugira ibitekerezo binyura n’ubutegetsi bisobanura ko ar’ukwanga igihugu?
Ubu abanyarwanda bameze nk’itungo ritegereje kubagwa umwanya uwariwo wose,ariko ikibabaje,abiyita abanyapolitike baharanira umutekano kwishyira ukizana by’abanyarwanda,bigaragara ko,badashyize hamwe kubera gushaka ubutegetsi ku ngufu za gisirikare mu buryo butajyanye namategeko.Ibi byose barabizi ariko ntibashobora gushyira hamwe ngo bashyigikire ubwami bw’uRwanda bwemewe namategeko,ndetse no muri ONU akaba aribwo buzwi ariko ibyo byose barabyirengagiza bagashaka gukomeza umurongo w’ikinyoma bamenyereye ko bigwizaho imitungo ni miryango yabo.
Leta ya fpr yatanze ruswa nyinshi cyane kugirango uRwanda rushyirwe mu kanama gashinzwe umutekano ku isi babifashijwemo n’Abanyamerica nabo babemerera kujya muri Congo kubasahurira zahabu bakayibaha kugiciro cyosi ugereranije nibindi biciro byo ku isi,aya makuru avuga ko,uRwanda rwari rugamije kugaragaza imbaraga mu batavuga rumwe nayo kugirango batinye hatazagira uyi rwanya.Ariko bibagirwa ko,ibyara mweru na muhima,kandi na nyina wundi abyara umuhungu.
