Umunyamabanga mukuru w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ONU/UN) yaburiye ko uri mu byago byo “gushiranwa n’amafaranga akanya ako ari ko kose” kubera ko hari ibihugu binyamuryango bitariha imisanzu yabyo y’amafaranga.

António Guterres yavuze ko ONU iri mu makuba ashingiye ku mafaranga kandi ko ayo makuba arimo “kwiyongera, ateza inkeke ku mikorere” y’uwo muryango, ndetse ko amafaranga ashobora kuwushirana bitarenze muri Nyakanga (7) uyu mwaka.

Mu ibaruwa yandikiye ibihugu byose 193 by’ibinyamuryango bya ONU, yavuze ko bigomba kwishyura imisanzu yabyo nkuko amategeko abiteganya cyangwa bikavugurura amategeko y’imari y’uwo muryango, mu kwirinda ko uhirima.

Bibaye nyuma yuko Amerika, igihugu cya mbere gitanga umusanzu mwinshi cyane muri ONU, yanze gutanga umusanzu wayo usanzwe n’umusanzu wo mu bikorwa byo kubungabunga amahoro, ndetse ikava mu mashami menshi ya ONU ivuga ko kuyabamo byari “isesagurwa ry’amadolari y’abasoreshwa” bo muri Amerika.

Ibindi bihugu binyamuryango byinshi bifitiye ONU ibirarane cyangwa byanze kuriha imisanzu yabyo.

Nubwo bwose mu mpera y’umwaka wa 2025 inteko rusange ya ONU yemeje impinduka by’igice ku buryo bw’imari ya ONU, uyu muryango uracyafite ikibazo gikomeye cyane cy’amafaranga, gihuhurwa n’itegeko rituma irimo kwishyura amafaranga itigeze na rimwe yakira.

Kuri kimwe mu byicaro bikuru byayo kiri i Genève (Geneva) mu Busuwisi, ibirango biburira ku kuntu ibintu bimeze muri uyu muryango byashyizwe ahantu hose.

Mu risa nk’igerageza ry’amaburakindi ryo kuzigama amafaranga, uburyo bw’inzira y’amadarage izamura ikanamanura abantu mu nyubako bikozwe mu ikoranabuhanga (buzwi nka ‘escalators’), buhora buzimywa ndetse n’uburyo bwo gushyushya imbere mu nyubako na bwo bukazimywa.

Mu ibaruwa ye, Guterres yanditse ko mu bihe byashize ONU yugarijwe n’ibibazo by’amafaranga ariko ko ukuntu ibintu bimeze ubu “biratandukanye cyane”.

Atavuze ibihugu binyamuryango mu izina, yagize ati: “Ibyemezo byo kudatanga imisanzu yasuzumwe yo gutanga amafaranga yo gukoresha mu gice kinini cy’ingengo y’imari yemejwe isanzwe ubu byatangajwe ku mugaragaro.”

Yavuze ko “ubuziranenge bw’imikorere yose” ya ONU bushingiye ku kuba ibihugu byubahiriza inshingano yabyo iteganywa mu mategeko shingiro y’uyu muryango, ijyanye no kwishyura “imisanzu yasuzumwe” yabyo – yongeraho ko 77% by’imisanzu yose ari yo yarishywe mu mwaka wa 2025, bituma hasigara umubare wa mbere munini cyane ubayeho w’imisanzu itaratangwa.

Guterres yavuze ko itegeko ryuko ONU igomba gusubiza abanyamuryango amafaranga atarakoreshejwe muri gahunda runaka mu gihe itashoboye gukoresha ingengo y’imari, ryeteje “ibibazo bibiri”, ikaba “yitezwe gusubiza amafaranga atabaho [adahari]”.

Yagize ati: “Sinshobora kubishimangira cyane mu buryo buhagije ko ibihe turimo ubu byihutirwa. Ntidushobora gushyira mu ngiro ingengo z’imari mu gihe hari amafaranga atarakusanywa, cyangwa ngo dusubize amafaranga tutigeze na rimwe twakira.”

Kubera iyo mpamvu, ONU ubu irimo gusubiza miliyoni z’amadolari itigeze na rimwe mu by’ukuri yakira.

Ibaruwa ya Guterres igira iti: “Muri uku kwezi kwonyine, bijyanye n’isuzuma ryo mu 2026, twasabwe gusubiza miliyoni 227 z’amadolari y’Amerika [arenga miliyari 330 uyavunje mu mafaranga y’u Rwanda] – amafaranga tutakusanyije.”

Guterres yanditse ati: “Icyo bivuze kirasobanutse.”

“Ibihugu binyamuryango byose birubahiriza inshingano zabyo zo kuriha amafaranga yose ku gihe – cyangwa [bitabaye ibyo] ibihugu binyamuryango bigomba kuvugurura byimbitse amategeko yacu y’imari mu kwirinda ko amafaranga adushirana akanya ako ari ko kose.”

‘Board of Peace’ ya Trump ishobora gusimbura ONU?

Ni gacye cyane amashami ya ONU abona amafaranga yose aba asaba kugira ngo ashobore gukora ibikorwa by’ubutabazi aho buba bucyenewe, ariko amezi 12 ashize yakomereye ONU mu buryo bw’umwihariko.

Amerika ni yo itanga umusanzu wa mbere mwinshi cyane muri ONU, ariko Perezida w’Amerika Donald Trump yavuze ko ONU itarimo kuzuza (kugera) “ibyo ishobora kugeraho bikomeye [by’ingenzi] cyane”, ndetse yayinenze kunanirwa gushyigikira ibikorwa biyobowe n’Amerika bigamije kugera ku mahoro.

Mu mwaka wa 2025, Amerika ntiyarishye umusanzu wayo wo mu ngengo y’imari isanzwe ya ONU ndetse yatanze 30% gusa by’inkunga yari yitezwe gutanga mu bikorwa bya ONU byo kubungabunga amahoro.

Nuko muri Mutarama (1) uyu mwaka, Trump akura Amerika mu miryango mpuzamahanga ibarirwa muri za mirongo, harimo n’amashami 31 ya ONU, mu rwego rwo “guhagarika ko abasoreshwa b’Amerika batera inkunga bakanagira uruhare mu miryango ishyira imbere gahunda z’isi kurusha ibyihutirwa by’Amerika”.

Mu mpera y’Ukuboza (12) mu mwaka ushize, Amerika yasezeranyije gutanga inkunga ya miliyari 2 z’amadolari mu bikorwa by’ubutabazi bya ONU – iburira uwo muryango mpuzamahanga ko ugomba “guhinduka cyangwa ugapfa” – ayo mafaranga akaba ari igice gito cyane ugereranyije na miliyari 17 z’amadolari Amerika yatanze mu mwaka wa 2022.

Ibindi bihugu, nk’Ubwongereza n’Ubudage, na byo byatangaje igabanuka ryinshi ry’imfashanyo bigenera amahanga, ibintu nta kabuza bizagira ingaruka ku mirimo ya ONU.

Mbere yaho muri uko kwezi, Guterres yari yaburiye ko ONU yugarijwe no kutagira amafaranga ahagije kwa mbere gukomeye cyane kubayeho mu myaka ishize – na bwo icyo gihe yakomoje ku mafaranga atararihwa – mu gihe mu Kwakira (10) kw’uwo mwaka ushize yaburiye ko ONU yari irimo “kwiruka igana mu marembera [mu kutagira amafaranga]”.

Ku rundi ruhande, abanenga Trump bamushinje gushaka ko imwe mu mirimo ya ONU isimburwa n’Inama y’Amahoro (Board of Peace) ye, mu kugenzura ibikorwa byo kongera kubaka Gaza.

Perezida w’Amerika yavuze ko umurimo wayo uzaba “ku bufatanye n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye” ariko mbere, ubwo yabazwaga n’umunyamakuru wa televiziyo Fox yo muri Amerika niba iyo Nama izasimbura ONU, yarasubije ati: “Byashoboka.”

Mu cyumweru gishize, Amerika yavuye ku mugaragaro mu ishami rya ONU ryita ku buzima (OMS/WHO). Amerika yari yaranze kwishyura imisanzu yayo yo mu 2024 no mu 2025 nubwo, ni ko abanyamategeko ba OMS bavuga, amategeko yayitegekaga kuyishyura.

Amashami yandi ya ONU na yo arimo kugabanya cyane amafaranga akoresha.

Ibiro by’uburenganzira bwa muntu bya ONU byaburiye ko ubu ibikorwa bikomeye by’ihonyorwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu bizajya bibaho nta gikurikirana (bitagenzurwa) kubera ko nta mafaranga ibyo biro bifite yo kohereza abajya gukora iperereza.

Mu gihe cyashize, ibimenyetso byakusanyijwe n’ibyo biro by’uburenganzira bwa muntu bya ONU byatumye abantu baburanishwa ku byaha byo mu ntambara n’ibyaha byibasira inyokomuntu.

Muri Afghanistan, kimwe mu bihugu bya mbere ku isi aho ababyeyi benshi cyane bapfa babyara cyangwa batwite, byabaye ngombwa ko ishami rya ONU ryita ku buringanire no kongerera ubushobozi abagore (UN Women) rifunga amavuriro y’ababyeyi n’ay’abana.

Hagati aho, byabaye ngombwa kandi ko ishami rya ONU ryita ku birirwa (WFP/PAM) rigabanya amarasiyo (‘rations’ – ingano runaka yagenwe y’ibiribwa) ku mpunzi zihunga intambara yo muri Sudani.

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