Uburemere bw’ico kibazo nibwo bwatumye hapfundikwa amasezerano ya mbere y’Inama Nkuru ya Onu mu 1946.

Iminsi yose itariki 26 z’ukwezi kw’icenda, ni umunsi wo kwibuka umugambi wo gukura kw’isi ibirwanisho ruhonyanganda, no gukebura abanyagihugu ku bijanye n’imwe mu ntego nkuru nkuru z’amakungu: gushikira amahoro n’umutekano mw’isi itakirimwo ibigwanisho ruhonyanganda”.

Ariko hashize igice cy’ikinyejana kirenga, uwo mugambi usa n’uwutitezwe gushikwako vuba.Mu mibare ya nyuma yatanzwe n’ikigo cyigisha amahoro “International Institute for Peace Studies”(SIPRI) kiri i Stockholm, cyavuzeko ko hakiri ibirwanisho ruhonyanganda 14465 kw’isi.

Ugereranije n’ibyo icyo kigo cyari cyakoze ibarurishamibare mu mwaka ushize, igishushanyo mbonera cyerekanaga ko hari ibirwanisho 470 byagabanutse, bisobanura ko iryo gabanuka rigenda buhoro cyane nkuko abakoze icyo cyegeranyo babivuga.

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Uno mwaka, Uburusiya bwarerekanye ibirwanisho ruhonyanganda bitandatu byo ku rwego rwo hejuru “superweapons”, Kremlin ivuga ko “bitoneshwa”

Onu iributsa ko gushika uno munsi, ko ata kigwanisho ruhonyanganda na kimwe kirigera gisambugwa kandi ariko bisabwa n’amasezerano, nta n’ibiganiro bikogwa kuri ico kibazo.

Kuri ibyo uwo muryango wabaruye, “abantu barenga igice cy’ababa kw’isi baba mu bihugu bifite mwen’ibyo birwanisho, cyangwa ibihugu byabo biri mu mashyirahamwe yatunganijwe yo gukuraho ibirwanisho ruhonyanganda.”

Ni ibihe bihugu bitunze ibyo birwanisho ruhonyanganda biri kw’isi?

Ibice 92% by’ibyo birwanisho biri mu bihugu bibiri.

Ibyo birwanisho birenga 14400 byabazwe n’ikigo SIPRI mu kwezi kwa mbere, biri mu bihugu icyenda.

Ibyo bihugu ni Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Uburusiya, Ubwongereza, Ubufaransa, Ubushinwa, Ubuhindi, Pakistani, Isirayeli na Korea ya Ruguru.

Muri ibyo bihugu byose, hari bibiri bifite ibice 92% by’ibyo birwanisho biri kw’isi: Uburusiya na Amerika.

Mu giharuzo gikurikira, Amerika yonyene ifite ibirwanisho ruhonyanganda 6800, mu gihe Uburusiya bufite 7000, Ubufaransa 300, Ubwongereza 215.

Ibihugu bitunze ibigwanisho ruhonyanganda n’ingene bingana

Ikigo SIPRI gisanga igitigiri c’ibigwanisho ruhonyanganda kigabanuka buhoro ugereranije no mu mwaka uheze.

Iyo mibare yabaruwe nikigo  cyo muri Suède kigabisha ko ibihugu bisanzwe bifite ibirwanisho ruhonyanganda ko bigikomeje gukora ibirwanisho bishyashya cyangwa bikavugurura ibyo byahoranye.

“[Ibihugu bya Amerika n’Uburusiya] bifite imigambi yo guhindura no gukora ibirwanisho byahoze ari ibya kera”, niko icyo kigo kivuga mw’itangazo cyasohoye.

“Uko kuvugurura ibirwanisho bya kera, bigaragaza yuko ari nta ntambwe izagerwaho mu mugambi wo kurandurana n’imizi ibirwanisho ruhonyanganda,” niko Shannon Kile wo mu kigo SIPRI avuga.

Harakenewe “inginngo zikomeye”

Ivyatowe vyerekana ko inyuma y’amasezerano yo kwihanikiza ibigwanisho ruhonyanganda “Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons” yo mu 2017, ko amakungu “atitayeho kuvanaho ibigwanisho ruhonyanganda”.

Ayo masezerano yari yemejwe n’ibihugu 12 ariko ibihugu bifise amabombe yo mu bwoko bwa “nucléaire” bikaba bititavye iyo nama.

Inyuma y’amezi 12, ibihugu 11 kuri ivyo 12 nivyo vyayateyeko igikumu mu gihe hari hakenewe ibihugu 50 ngo ashobore gushigwa mu ngiro.

Amerika n’Uburusiya bifise ibice 92% vy’ibigwanisho vya “nucléaire” biri kw’isi, nkuko ikigo SIPRI kivuga

“Icyababaje ibihugu biri mu byateguye ayo masezerano nuko ibihugu bitunze ibirwanisho bya “nucléaire” nta na kimwe birakora ngo bikure ibyo birwanisho,” niko David Wright ari mu barongoye igisata cy’umutekano yabwiye BBC.

Muri ayo masezerano “ibihugu bidafise ibigwanisho ruhonyanganda vyiyemeje kutabirondera, ibihugu bibifise navyo vyiyemeza gutangura kuvyikura,” niko Wright asigura.

Kubona Amerika n’Uburusiya biriko binagura ibigwanisho vya “nucléaire” biteye amakenga

Igiteye amakenga

Ikigo SIPRI kivuga ko iruhande y’Uburusiya na Amerika, ibihugu vyose bifise ibigwanisho ruhonyanganda biriko birakora uburyo bushasha bwo kwikingira, ibindi bitangaza ko bigira bibikore.

Nka Korea ya Ruguru ikomeza iteza imbere ibikorwa bya “nucléaire” kuva mu 2017, harimo n’ukugerageza ikigwanisho cyo mu bwoko bwa “thermonucléaire” hamwe n’ubwoko bubiri bushyashya bwa “missiles ballistiques” zigera kure cyane, ni ibivugwa muri iryo geragaeza niicyo gikorwa.

“Kubona ibihugu byasubiye kurondera gukomeza ibirwanisho ruhonyanganda, biteye amakenga,” niko Jan Eliasson urongoye inama nshingwabikorwa ya SIPRI abivuga.

“Isi irakeneye kwiyemeza ku mugaragaro ngo ibihugu bifise ibigwanisho ruhonyanganda bikurikize amategeko, bitangure kuvyikurako,” niko yabandanije avuga.